Premium Recommendation - The fourth set of RMB (Rated Treasure Collection Premium Edition)

*本次藏品 第四套人民币（评级鉴藏尊享版）*

典藏尺寸：一套

第四套人民币是中国人民银行为了适应经济发展的需要，进一步健全中国的货币制度，方便流通使用和交易核算，于1987年4月27日至1997年4月1日发行的一套货币。

第四套人民币在设计思想、风格和印制工艺上都有一定的创新和突破。主景图案集中体现了在中国共产党领导下，中国各族人民意气风发，团结一致，建设有中国特色的社会主义的主题思想。

第四套人民币部分券别（包括100元、50元、10元、5元、2元、1元、2角纸币和1角硬币）于2018年5月1日起停止在市场上流通。

第四套人民币是筹划设计时间最长的一套人民币，从1967年1月总行提出设计第四套人民币的设想，到1985年5月定案，历时18年，这期间经历了曲曲折折，排除了各种极左干扰，最终避免了第四套人民币在设计上的灾难。1967年1月，中国人民银行总行向国务院反映了湖北机械学院部分群众对人民币1元券天安门上没有毛主席像、红旗和标语提出尖锐批评的情况，同时提出了新版人民币的设计设想。同年2月，李先念批示：“应准备一套新版人民币，设计图景要多反映些生产关系方面的题材，克服第三套人民币生产力题材多的问题。” 1968年7月16日，总行第一次向国务院报送新版人民币设计方案初稿，主要以“三突出”(突出毛主席的光辉形象、突出毛泽东思想、突出毛主席的革命路线)和“两个反映”(反映无产阶级文化大革命、反映社会主义革命和建设)为主题思想，当时受到周总理的严肃批评。1969年4月8日，总行第二次向国务院上报新版人民币设计稿，票券画面主要是反映极左的内容，仍未获批准，后因林彪反党集团覆灭而作罢。1975年11月18日，财政部(当时中国人民银行与财政部合并)第三次向国务院上报设计印制新版人民币的报告，设计方案的图稿主要反映社会主义新生事物和工农兵形象，如知识青年上山下乡、工农兵上大学、农业学大寨、工业学大庆等，同年12月29日李先念批示：“放一放再说。”1976年5月10日再次请示，李先念批示：“暂时不办。” 以上上报的三套方案内容均是“文化大革命”极左思想的反映，由于在党中央、国务院的正确路线指导下，均被一一排除，使极左思潮未能反映在人民币上。

The fourth set of RMB was issued by the People's Bank of China from April 27, 1987 to April 1, 1997 in order to meet the needs of economic development, further improve China's monetary system, and facilitate circulation and transaction accounting.

The fourth set of RMB has certain innovations and breakthroughs in design ideas, styles, and printing processes. The main scene pattern epitomizes the theme of building socialism with Chinese characteristics under the leadership of the CPC.

The fourth set of RMB partial coupons (including 100 yuan, 50 yuan, 10 yuan, 5 yuan, 2 yuan, 1 yuan, 2 jiao banknotes and 1 jiao coins) will cease to circulate in the market from May 1, 2018.

The fourth set of Chinese yuan was the longest planned and designed set of Chinese yuan. From January 1967, when the head office proposed the idea of designing the fourth set of Chinese yuan, to May 1985, it took 18 years to finalize. During this period, it went through twists and turns, eliminated various extreme leftist interference, and ultimately avoided the disaster of the design of the fourth set of Chinese yuan. In January 1967, the head office of the People's Bank of China reported to the State Council that some people in Hubei Institute of Mechanical Engineering had sharply criticized the absence of Chairman Mao's portrait, red flag and slogan on the Tian'anmen Square of the RMB one yuan coupon, and put forward the design idea of the new version of RMB. In February of the same year, Li Xiannian instructed: "A new version of the renminbi should be prepared, with a design that reflects more themes related to production relations, to overcome the problem of the third version of the renminbi having multiple themes related to productivity." On July 16, 1968, the head office submitted the first draft of the new renminbi design plan to the State Council, mainly focusing on the themes of "three highlights" (highlighting Chairman Mao's glorious image, Mao Zedong Thought, and Mao Zedong's revolutionary line) and "two reflections" (reflecting the proletarian cultural revolution and socialist revolution and construction). At that time, it was severely criticized by Premier Zhou. On April 8, 1969, the head office submitted a new version of the RMB design draft to the State Council for the second time. The ticket images mainly reflected extreme leftist content, but it was not approved. Later, it was abandoned due to the collapse of Lin Biao's anti party group. On November 18, 1975, the Ministry of Finance (when the People's Bank of China merged with the Ministry of Finance) submitted the report of designing and printing a new version of RMB to the State Council for the third time. The draft of the design plan mainly reflected the new things of socialism and the image of workers, peasants and soldiers, such as the educated youth going to the countryside, the workers, peasants and soldiers going to university, agriculture learning from Dazhai, and industry learning from Daqing. On December 29, the same year, Li Xiannian gave instructions: "Let it go." On May 10, 1976, he again asked for instructions, and Li Xiannian gave instructions: "Not yet." The contents of the three sets of plans submitted above were all reflections of the extreme left-wing thinking of the "Cultural Revolution", because under the guidance of the correct line of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, they were all One by one exclusion has

failed to reflect extreme leftist thoughts on the RMB.

*本次藏品 第四套人民币（评级鉴藏尊享版）*

典藏尺寸：一套

第四套人民币共有1角、2角、5角、1元、2元、5元、10元、50元、100元9种面额，其中1角、5角、1元有纸币、硬币2种。

1角、2角、5角、5元、10元只有1980年版一种，2元、50元、100元有1980版、1990版两种，1元有1980、1990、1996版三种。与第三套人民币相比，恢复了50、100元大面额人民币。为适应反假人民币工作需要，1992年8月20日，又发行了改版后的1990年版50、100元券，增加了安全线与无色荧光油墨印刷等新技术。

在设计风格上，这套人民币保持和发扬了中国民族艺术传统特点，主币背面图景取材于中国名胜古迹、名山大川，背面纹饰全部采用富有中国民族特点的图案。在印制工艺上，主景全部采用了大幅人物头像水印，雕刻工艺复杂；钞票纸分别采用了满版水印和固定人像水印，它不仅表现出线条图景，而且表现出明暗层次，工艺技术很高，进一步提高了中国印钞工艺技术水平和钞票防伪能力。

第四套人民币从1987年4月27日开始发行，至1997年4月1日止，共发行9种面额， 14种票券。其中1角券1种(1980)，2角券1种(1980)，5角券1种(1980)，1元券3种(1980、1990、1996)，2元券2种(1980、1990)，5元券1种(1980)； 10元券1种(1980)，50元券2种(1980、1990)，100元券2种(1980、1990)。

第四套人民币在票面的设计风格和印制工艺上较前三套人民币都有创新和突破，既吸收了国外钞票设计的某些艺术特点，又保持并发扬了中国民族艺术的传统，不仅有实用价值，而且具有很高的艺术价值。

人民币是中国的法定货币，因此，画面的设计从政治上说要庄严，体现出人民当家作主的含义，体现各族人民的大团结，从形式上说要有中国的民族特点，要有较高的艺术性，同时还要适应形势，体现出国家的发展变化，表现出社会主义建设和科学技术新成就。第四套人民币的图案设计充分地体现了这些特点，这套人民币整套票券设计思想的共同主题是：全国各族人民在中国共产党的领导下，精神焕发，为建设社会主义现代化国家而努力奋斗。为了表现和强调这一主题，票面采用大幅人物头像为主景，这是国际上常用的手段，具有较好的防伪效果。100元券采用四位领袖(毛泽东、周恩来、刘少奇、朱德)浮雕像，这不但是中国共产党始终坚持的马列主义毛泽东思想的形象表现，同时也记录和歌颂了党领导中国革命的光辉历史；50元券正面主景是工人、农民、知识分子头像，体现了中国宪法规定的“中华人民共和国是工人阶级领导的、以工农联盟为基础的人民民主专政的社会主义国家”和“社会主义的建设事业必须依靠工人、农民和知识分子，团结一切可以团结的力量”的国体和政权性质；从1角券开始到10元券，正面主景都是中国有代表性的民族人物头像，每张票面两人，栩栩如生。这些民族人物头像是多民族国家的象征，不仅反映了中国各民族的大团结，而且反映了各族人民意气风发、斗志昂扬的主人翁精神。所有票券上面的人物绘画均出自侯一民之手。

The fourth set of Chinese yuan has 9 denominations: 1 jiao, 2 jiao, 5 jiao, 1 yuan, 2 yuan, 5 yuan, 10 yuan, 50 yuan, and 100 yuan. Among them, 1 jiao, 5 jiao, and 1 yuan have 2 types of banknotes and coins.

There is only one version available for 1 yuan, 2 yuan, 5 yuan, and 10 yuan in 1980. There are two versions available for 2 yuan, 50 yuan, and 100 yuan in 1980 and 1990, and three versions available for 1 yuan in 1980, 1990, and 1996. Compared with the third set of RMB, the large denomination RMB of 50 and 100 has been restored. In order to meet the needs of anti counterfeit RMB work, on August 20, 1992, a revised version of the 1990 50 and 100 yuan coupons was issued, which added new technologies such as safety lines and colorless fluorescent ink printing.

In terms of design style, this set of Chinese yuan maintains and promotes the traditional characteristics of Chinese ethnic art. The back of the main coin is inspired by famous historical sites, mountains, and rivers in China, and all the decorations on the back are rich in Chinese ethnic patterns. In terms of printing technology, the main scenes all use large character portrait watermarks, and the carving process is complex; The banknote paper adopts full page watermark and fixed portrait watermark, which not only shows the line scene, but also the light and dark layers. The craftsmanship is very advanced, further improving the level of China's banknote printing technology and anti-counterfeiting ability.

The fourth set of RMB was issued from April 27, 1987 to April 1, 1997, with a total of 9 denominations and 14 types of banknotes issued. Among them, there are 1 type of 1 cent coupon (1980), 1 type of 2 cent coupon (1980), 1 type of 5 cent coupon (1980), 3 types of 1 yuan coupon (1980, 1990, 1996), 2 types of 2 yuan coupon (1980, 1990), and 1 type of 5 yuan coupon (1980); 1 type of 10 yuan coupon (1980), 2 types of 50 yuan coupons (1980, 1990), and 2 types of 100 yuan coupons (1980, 1990).

The fourth set of RMB has innovated and broken through in the design style and printing technology of the face compared to the first three sets of RMB. It not only absorbs some artistic characteristics of foreign banknote design, but also maintains and promotes the tradition of Chinese national art. It not only has practical value, but also has high artistic value.

The Chinese yuan is the legal currency of China. Therefore, the design of the image should be solemn politically, reflecting the meaning of the people being the masters of the country and the great unity of all ethnic groups. In terms of form, it should have Chinese national characteristics, high artistic value, and adapt to the situation, reflecting the development and changes of the country, and showcasing the new achievements of socialist construction and science and technology. The pattern design of the fourth set of RMB fully reflects these characteristics. The common theme of this set of RMB ticket design ideas is that under the leadership of the CPC, the people of all ethnic groups in the country are in high spirits and working hard to build a modern socialist country. In order to express and emphasize this theme, large portraits of people are used as the main scenery on the ticket, which is a commonly used method internationally and has a good anti-counterfeiting effect. The 100 yuan coupon adopts the reliefs of four leaders (Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Liu Shaoqi, Zhu De), which not only represents the image of Marxism Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought that the CPC has always adhered to, but also records and praises the glorious history of the Party's leadership of the Chinese revolution; The main scenery on the front of the 50 yuan voucher is the portraits of workers, farmers, and intellectuals, reflecting the national and political nature of the Chinese Constitution, which stipulates that "the People's Republic of China is a socialist country under the people's democratic dictatorship led by the working class and based on the alliance of workers and peasants" and "the socialist construction must rely on workers, farmers, and intellectuals to unite all forces that can be united"; Starting from the 1 cent coupon to the 10 yuan coupon, the main scenery on the front is the portrait of representative ethnic figures in China, with two people on each ticket, lifelike. These portraits of ethnic figures are symbols of a multi-ethnic country, reflecting not only the great unity of all ethnic groups in China, but also the spirit of ownership and fighting spirit of the people of all ethnic groups. All the character paintings on the tickets were created by Hou Yimin.

第四套人民币除了在图案和纹饰上作了精心设计外，在文字的采用及规范化、标准化上也作了认真调整。全套票券不仅继续采用蒙、藏、维、壮四种少数民族文字，以方便少数民族地区人民的使用，而且又在1元以上主币上增印了盲文符号，体现了党和政府对残疾人的关心。第四套人民币还吸收了国家对汉字整理和简化的成果，在票面上全部采用了规范化汉字，但字体仍沿用马文蔚先生的“张黑女”碑体。一是改繁体字为简体字。例如“中国人民银行”行名中的“国”和“银”两个字，六种主币面值的“圆” 字，都分别改成了“国”、“银”、“圆”。二是改异体字为正体字。原来流通的人民币2元券、2角券、2分券的“贰”字中间的两横在上，即“贰”，现改成规范的正体字“贰”。三是改旧字形为新字形。原来流通的人民币辅币1角、2角、5角券的“角”字写成“角”，中间的一竖不出头，现根据文化部、文改会 1965年联合颁布的印刷通用的汉字字形表，使用了新字形“角”，中间一竖出头。

油墨是钞票印制中的主要构成成份之一，第四套人民币使用了多种防伪油墨，如无色荧光油墨、同色异谱油墨、磁性油墨等。

1、无色荧光油墨：一种本身无颜色，但在紫外光照射下能发出明亮荧光的油墨，如1990年版100元、50元券左右都有用此油墨印的阿拉伯数字和汉语拼音面值，在紫外光下发出黄色荧光清晰可见。

2、同色异谱油墨：在太阳光或灯光下与一般油墨没有区别，但在紫外光下就会发亮或变成另外一种颜色。例如：1元券正面中间部位平凸印的黄绿色的桃花树干；2元券正面中间部位平凸印的土黄偏绿色的翠竹竹干；5元券正面中间部位平凸印的桔红色花纹(即仙鹤的头顶、颈、翅膀)；10元券正面中间部位平凸印的桔红色的凤凰；50元券背面右上角衬托面值平凸印的桔红色花团，即“50”面值部位的桔红色；100元券正面四领袖像左边桔红色的花纹等，都采用了同色异谱油墨。

3、磁性油墨：需要专门的仪器才能检测出来。第四套人民币各票券的号码，以及50元、100元券正面下边颜色较深的花边都采用这种油墨。

三、在制版、印刷工艺上加强防伪

第四套人民币在制版和印刷工艺上主要采用手工雕刻凹版印刷、凹印接线技术、套印对印技术和平凸版接线技术等，大大提高了人民币的防伪功能。手工雕刻凹版印刷工艺一直是国际上通用的钞票防伪的重要手段，它的主要特点是墨层厚，手感强，难以复制。

人民币的主景图案都是手工雕刻凹版印刷，尤其是1990年版50元、100元券，正、背面主景及装饰花边、花球、面额文字等凹印部分版纹加深，使雕刻凹版印刷图案更具有立体感。由于第四套人民币各票面全部采用人物头像作主景，因此，对凹版雕刻工艺的要求也比前几套人民币要高得多，不同民族，不同年龄、性别，不同身份，不同服饰的人物，都要通过各种不同的刀法加以细致的刻画和区别。这从各个票券的票面上可以看到，一幅幅雕刻凹版印刷的人物头像，线条清晰，刀法流畅，很好地体现了人物的精神风貌，每一幅头像都是一件精美的艺术品。凹印接线技术也是钞票的一种专用印制技术，其特点是色彩较为明显，颜色衔接自然过渡，无漏白，无错位，线条在高倍放大镜下观察成线状。套印、对印技术就是采用一些特殊的工艺，使钞票正背面图案一次印刷成形，使特定部位的图案正背面完全重合。例如：1元、2元、5元券正面左下角的小花束和背面的小花束完全是对应吻合的。平凸印接线技术是人民币采用的比较可靠的防伪技术，它的特点是一条完整的线上印几种不同的颜色时，不产生重叠、缺口现象。上述所有先进印刷工艺和新型印钞材料的采用，大大提高了第四套人民币的防伪性能，它标志着中国的印钞造币技术已达到了世界先进水平。

四、安全线

在钞票纸中埋入安全线，也是人民币防伪的主要措施。安全线是一种金属材质的细线，用仪器检测有磁性。1990年版100元、50元券新增加了金属安全线，它是在造纸时加入的、埋在钞票纸中，而不是直接印在票面上。用肉眼迎光透视，即可看到安全线贯穿于票面右侧的钞票纸中。

安全线的使用，是第四套人民币中的亮点之一。早在第四套人民币发行初期，中国人民银行就已经初步具备了防伪安全线的生产能力。考虑到货币发行的可靠性，对市场实际应用安全线工艺尚未有完全的把握，轻易不敢在生产中正式使用。后来，由于社会上流通的高面额假币较多，中国人民银行这才痛下决心，改进第四套人民币高面额钞券的生产工艺（1990年版50元、100元），正式启用防伪安全线，提高钞券的抗伪能力。在安全线使用的初期，确实保护了50元、100元这种高面额的钞券，假币辨别容易多了。

The fourth set of Chinese yuan has not only been carefully designed in terms of patterns and decorations, but also made careful adjustments in the use, standardization, and normalization of text. The full set of tickets not only continues to use the four ethnic minority languages of Mongolian, Tibetan, Uyghur, and Zhuang to facilitate the use of people in ethnic minority areas, but also adds braille symbols on the main currency of 1 yuan or more, reflecting the concern of the Party and government for people with disabilities. The fourth set of RMB also absorbed the achievements of the state in organizing and simplifying Chinese characters, adopting standardized Chinese characters on the face of the currency, but still using Mr. Ma Wenwei's "Zhang Heinu" stele font. One is to change traditional Chinese characters to simplified characters. For example, the words "country" and "silver" in the name of the "People's Bank of China", and the words "yuan" in the face value of six main currencies have been changed into "country", "silver" and "yuan" respectively. The second is to convert variant characters into regular characters. The two horizontal lines in the middle of the "two" characters for the previously circulated RMB 2 yuan, 2 jiao, and 2 fen coupons, known as "two", have been changed to the standardized Chinese characters "two". The third is to change the old character shape to a new one. The "jiao" character of the original circulating RMB auxiliary currency 1 jiao, 2 jiao, and 5 jiao coupons was written as "jiao", with one vertical head in the middle. Now, according to the commonly used Chinese character form table for printing jointly issued by the Ministry of Culture and the Cultural Reform Commission in 1965, a new character form "jiao" has been used, with one vertical head in the middle.

Ink is one of the main components in banknote printing. The fourth set of RMB uses various anti-counterfeiting inks, such as colorless fluorescent ink, same color but different spectrum ink, magnetic ink, etc.

1. Colorless fluorescent ink: an ink that has no color itself, but can emit bright fluorescence under ultraviolet light. For example, the Arabic numerals and Chinese pinyin face values printed on the 1990 version of the 100 yuan and 50 yuan coupons are printed with this ink, which emits yellow fluorescence clearly under ultraviolet light.

2. Same color but different spectrum ink: It is no different from ordinary ink under sunlight or light, but it will shine or turn into another color under ultraviolet light. For example, the yellow green peach blossom tree trunk with a flat raised print in the middle of the front of the 1 yuan coupon; The flat relief print on the middle part of the front of the 2 yuan coupon is a combination of earthy yellow and greenish green green bamboo stems; The orange red pattern with a flat convex print on the middle part of the front of the 5-yuan coupon (i.e. the top, neck, and wings of a crane); The orange red phoenix with a flat raised print in the middle of the front of the 10 yuan coupon; The orange red flower cluster on the top right corner of the back of the 50 yuan coupon highlights the flat and raised face value print, which is the orange red color of the "50" face value area; The orange red patterns on the left side of the four leaders' statues on the front of the 100 yuan coupon are all printed with ink of the same color but different spectra.

3. Magnetic ink: requires specialized instruments to detect. The numbers of the fourth set of RMB vouchers, as well as the darker colored lace on the front and bottom of the 50 yuan and 100 yuan vouchers, are all printed with this ink.

3、 Strengthen anti-counterfeiting measures in plate making and printing processes

The fourth set of RMB mainly adopts manual engraving intaglio printing, intaglio printing wiring technology, overlay printing technology, and flat relief printing wiring technology in plate making and printing technology, greatly improving the anti-counterfeiting function of RMB. Hand carved intaglio printing technology has always been an important means of anti-counterfeiting for banknotes internationally. Its main characteristics are thick ink layer, strong hand feel, and difficulty in replication.

The main scenery patterns of the Chinese yuan are all hand carved intaglio printing, especially for the 1990 50 yuan and 100 yuan coupons. The intaglio printing on the front and back main scenery, decorative lace, flower balls, denomination text, and other intaglio printing parts are deepened, making the carved intaglio printing patterns more three-dimensional. Due to the use of character portraits as the main theme on all denominations of the fourth set of RMB, the requirements for intaglio carving technology are much higher than those of the previous sets of RMB. Characters of different ethnicities, ages, genders, identities, and costumes need to be carefully carved and distinguished through various knife techniques. From the face of each ticket, it can be seen that there are engraved and intaglio printed portraits of characters, with clear lines and smooth knife techniques, which well reflect the spiritual style of the characters. Each portrait is a beautiful work of art. Concave printing and wiring technology is also a specialized printing technology for banknotes, characterized by clear colors, natural transitions of color transitions, no white leakage, no misalignment, and lines that appear as linear under a high-power magnifying glass. Overprinting and counter printing technology is the use of special processes to print the patterns on the front and back of banknotes in one go, so that the patterns on specific parts of the banknote are completely overlapped. For example, the small bouquet in the bottom left corner of the front and the small bouquet on the back of the 1 yuan, 2 yuan, and 5 yuan coupons match perfectly. Flat convex printing technology is a relatively reliable anti-counterfeiting technology adopted by the Chinese yuan. Its characteristic is that when printing several different colors on a complete line, there is no overlap or gap phenomenon. The adoption of all advanced printing techniques and new printing materials mentioned above has greatly improved the anti-counterfeiting performance of the fourth set of RMB, marking that China's banknote printing and minting technology has reached the world's advanced level.

4、 Safety line

Embedding security threads in banknote paper is also a major measure for anti-counterfeiting of the Chinese yuan. A safety wire is a thin metal wire that is tested for magnetism using an instrument. The 1990 version of the 100 yuan and 50 yuan banknotes added a metal safety wire, which was added during papermaking and buried in the banknote paper instead of directly printed on the face of the banknote. By using the naked eye to see through the light, the safety line can be seen running through the banknote paper on the right side of the ticket.

The use of safety lines is one of the highlights of the fourth set of RMB. As early as the initial stage of the issuance of the fourth set of RMB, the People's Bank of China has initially possessed the production capacity of anti-counterfeiting security line. Considering the reliability of currency issuance, we have not yet fully grasped the practical application of safety line technology in the market, and are hesitant to formally use it in production. Later, the People's Bank of China made up its mind to improve the production process of the fourth set of RMB high-value banknotes (50 yuan and 100 yuan in 1990 version), officially launched the security line against counterfeiting, and improved the anti counterfeiting ability of banknotes. In the early stages of using the security line, it did indeed protect high denomination banknotes such as 50 yuan and 100 yuan, making it much easier to identify counterfeit currency.

*本次藏品 第四套人民币（评级鉴藏尊享版）*

典藏尺寸：一套

以上藏品相关信息请与：四川君再来拍卖集团有限公司联系。 

For information about the above collections, please contact: Sichuan Jun Zailai Auction Group Co.